TY  - RPRT
AU  - Gurran, Nicole
AU  - Milligan, Vivienne
AU  - Baker, Douglas
AU  - Bugg, Laura Beth
AU  - Christensen, Sharon
CY  - Melbourne
L1  - internal-pdf://2304784503/AHURI_Final_Report_No120_New directions in pla.pdf
M3  - FR
N1  - This ÂþÌìÌÃÈë¿Úreport by Gurran et al provides a substantial evidence base regarding the
barriers and drivers of affordable housing supply, both in Australia and internationally.
The authors make detailed comments about the need to match planning mechanisms
to housing markets to ensure the effective and efficient supply of affordable housing.
They also identify ways to intervene in planning to promote affordable housing. Three
scales or approaches to interventions include:
à System wide – this includes a national housing policy or policy agenda to
promote affordable housing that is transferrable across jurisdictions;
à Methodological – improve the ways that affordable housing is planned; and
à Planning mechanisms – developing a regulatory framework that can achieve
affordable housing (p.17-18).
A significant proportion of this report is dedicated to unravelling the planning barriers
to providing affordable housing. This is best illustrated by the following table (Gurran
et al; p28).
This analysis of housing and planning policy across jurisdictions over time provides an in-depth critique of:
à why Australia has an affordability problem?
à what specific policies directly contribute to the low supply of affordable housing?
Contained in the report are case studies of planning processes that have led to the supply of affordable housing. Most of these were examples of negotiated financial contributions by developers or the direct supply of housing to local councils. They were also associated with the local authorities having to make concessions to developers. The authors claim that the evidence from the case studies shows that state-wide policies dealing with an affordable housing framework are required across all jurisdictions, to ensure the successful and integrated delivery of low cost housing across the state (41).
With respect to inclusionary zoning specifically, Gurran et al (2008) outline the various ways that inclusionary zoning is applied internationally:
à Ireland, Netherlands, Canada and United Kingdom link affordable housing to capital funding.
à United States adopts housing targets and uses tax incentives.
From these international case studies, the authors conclude that the move to a market led approach to housing supply has resulted in the greater involvement of planning in the supply of low cost housing:
...the land use planning system has assumed a much greater role in ensuring that the urban development process produces sufficient quantities of housing affordable to those on low and moderate incomes, regardless of the tenure of that housing (p.99).
Furthermore the authors note that within planning processes:
à mandatory approaches have a much greater capacity to produce affordable housing,
à incentive or concessions to developers has not produced the similar quantities of affordable housing in contrast to mandatory approaches,
à concessions are the only viable legal possibility to negotiate inclusionary zoning principles at present (p.106).
This report makes a significant contribution to understanding the implications and practice of inclusionary zoning in the Australian context. While much of the report is devoted to the planning system generally, inclusionary zoning makes up one of the planning processes under consideration. Other mechanisms discussed include voluntary adoption of affordable housing in new developments. As the authors note that this is an unsustainable model or intervention because there is not a national or state-wide framework for the integrated supply of low cost housing.

NV  - 60322
PB  - Australian Housing and Urban ÂþÌìÌÃÈë¿Ú Institute Limited
PY  - 2008
RP  - This ÂþÌìÌÃÈë¿Úreport by Gurran et al provides a substantial evidence base regarding the
barriers and drivers of affordable housing supply, both in Australia and internationally.
The authors make detailed comments about the need to match planning mechanisms
to housing markets to ensure the effective and efficient supply of affordable housing.
They also identify ways to intervene in planning to promote affordable housing. Three
scales or approaches to interventions include:
à System wide – this includes a national housing policy or policy agenda to
promote affordable housing that is transferrable across jurisdictions;
à Methodological – improve the ways that affordable housing is planned; and
à Planning mechanisms – developing a regulatory framework that can achieve
affordable housing (p.17-18).
A significant proportion of this report is dedicated to unravelling the planning barriers
to providing affordable housing. This is best illustrated by the following table (Gurran
et al; p28).
This analysis of housing and planning policy across jurisdictions over time provides an in-depth critique of:
à why Australia has an affordability problem?
à what specific policies directly contribute to the low supply of affordable housing?
Contained in the report are case studies of planning processes that have led to the supply of affordable housing. Most of these were examples of negotiated financial contributions by developers or the direct supply of housing to local councils. They were also associated with the local authorities having to make concessions to developers. The authors claim that the evidence from the case studies shows that state-wide policies dealing with an affordable housing framework are required across all jurisdictions, to ensure the successful and integrated delivery of low cost housing across the state (41).
With respect to inclusionary zoning specifically, Gurran et al (2008) outline the various ways that inclusionary zoning is applied internationally:
à Ireland, Netherlands, Canada and United Kingdom link affordable housing to capital funding.
à United States adopts housing targets and uses tax incentives.
From these international case studies, the authors conclude that the move to a market led approach to housing supply has resulted in the greater involvement of planning in the supply of low cost housing:
...the land use planning system has assumed a much greater role in ensuring that the urban development process produces sufficient quantities of housing affordable to those on low and moderate incomes, regardless of the tenure of that housing (p.99).
Furthermore the authors note that within planning processes:
à mandatory approaches have a much greater capacity to produce affordable housing,
à incentive or concessions to developers has not produced the similar quantities of affordable housing in contrast to mandatory approaches,
à concessions are the only viable legal possibility to negotiate inclusionary zoning principles at present (p.106).
This report makes a significant contribution to understanding the implications and practice of inclusionary zoning in the Australian context. While much of the report is devoted to the planning system generally, inclusionary zoning makes up one of the planning processes under consideration. Other mechanisms discussed include voluntary adoption of affordable housing in new developments. As the authors note that this is an unsustainable model or intervention because there is not a national or state-wide framework for the integrated supply of low cost housing.

ST  - New directions in planning for affordable housing: Australian and international evidence and implications
T2  - ÂþÌìÌÃÈë¿ÚFinal Report No. 120
TI  - New directions in planning for affordable housing: Australian and international evidence and implications
UR  - /research/final-reports/120
ID  - 142
ER  -